Addressing the High Cost of College Textbook Prices

About Architect David M. Childs, Design Partner

About Architect David M. Childs, Design Partner Architect David Childs (born April 1, 1941 in Princeton, New Jersey) is best known as the designer of the One World Trade Center we see today in Lower Manhattan. His long relationship with Skidmore, Owings Merrill (SOM) has given this senior statesman of American architecture wide-ranging experience and success. David Magie Childs was priviledged to attend the best private schools in the United states - from the Deerfield Academy in Deerfield, Massachusetts to his 1963 Bachelors degree from Yale University. His career as an architect began after completing a graduate degree from Yale School of Art and Architecture in 1967. He began his professional career in Washington, D.C. when from 1968 to 1971 he joined the Pennsylvania Avenue Commission. Fresh out of Yale University, Childs formed a strong relationship with both Nathaniel Owings, a founding partner of Skidmore Owings and Merrill (SOM), and Daniel Patrick Moynihan, a future U.S. Senator from New York State. From 1964 until 1973, Childs future employer, Nathaniel Owings, was chairman of President Kennedys Temporary Commission on Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington, DC. In the early years of the Kennedy administration, the plan to redesign Pennsylvania Avenue was the most significant redevelopment project in the country, claims the SOM website. Daniel Patrick Moynihan, the young Assistant Secretary of Labor in the Kennedy Administration, led the governments plan to revitalize Pennsylvania Avenue and the National Mall. Through this Commissions hard work, negotiations, and consensus, Pennsylvania Avenue is now a designated National Historic Site. One could argue that Childs early experiences on the Commission led the young architect to a lifelong proficiency in public architecture, city planning, and the politics behind construction and design - skills needed to accomplish his goals in the complicated days after September 11, 2011. David Childs has been associated with SOM since 1971, at first working on projects in Washington, D.C. From 1975 until 1981 he was Chairman of the National Capital Planning Commission involved in the 1976 Washington Mall Master Plan and Constitution Gardens. He worked on the 1984 National Geographic Society M Street Building and then the U.S. News and World Report Headquarters, both in Washington, D.C. By 1984 David Childs had moved to New York City, where hes been working on SOM projects ever since. A portfolio of his projects highlights a number of buildings in New York City  - the Worldwide Plaza at 825 8th Avenue (1989); Bertelsmann Tower at Times Square (1990); Times Square Tower at 7 Times Square (2004); Bear Stearns at 383 Madison Avenue (2001); AOL Time Warner Center at Columbus Circle (2004); and, of course, 7 World Trade Center (2006) and 1 World Trade Center (2014). Moynihan Station Redevelopment at the James A. Farley Post Office and 35 Hudson Yards are his latest project for the City of New York. Outside of The Big Apple, Childs was the design architect for the 1998 Robert C. Byrd United States Courthouse in Charleston, West Virginia and the 1999 U.S. Embassy in Ottawa, Canada. In May 2012, David Childs was one of fifteen Architects of Healing receiving a special AIA Gold Medallion for his redesign of One World Trade Center and Seven World Trade Center in New York City. Childs is a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (FAIA). David Childs In His Own Words I like big complicated projects where you have to assemble teams, deal with the down-and-dirty contractors, the marketplace and the leasing agents with an imagination level only as high as what made money last time. - 2003, The New York Times Each of us architects has had mentors and teachers whose work and words have guided us as well. For me they include Nat Owings, Pat Moynihan, Vincent Scully. It is thus been a very collective effort in the fullest sense, and I believe every American can equally take pride in what is and has been accomplished. - 2012 AIA National Convention You know what a Richard Meier building will look like; theres a style. Im more like Eero Saarinen, whom I revere. His buildings all look different. - 2003, The New York Times The U.S. invented skyscrapers, but weve fallen behind. WTC 1 is a solution to many technical problems, and it represents the very best in codes, structure, and safety. Its a concrete core with steel exterior, which is an efficient and safe system, but it had not been done in New York for a host of reasons, mostly because of the arrangement between trade groups. The form tapers on its four corners, which buildings - like trees - want to do anyway. - 2011 AIArchitect What Others Say Throughout his years of practice in Washington, Mr. Childs became noted for his design of appropriate architecture, buildings and spaces that respond to their settings and programs rather than pursue a preconceived architectural image. - U.S. Department of State Your work demonstrates that architecture is the art of compromise and collaboration, that it is a social act, never created by one person working alone and always creating community. As a creative artist successfully negotiating within a world governed by corporate objectives you have shown that aesthetic vision and functional considerations can coexist, that architecture is the art of both the real and the visionary. You compose steel and glass the way a poet constructs phrases and in so doing create physical entities that reflect personal aspirations and a collective self-image. Your buildings grace our environment and enrich our lives. - Colby Collge Sources Pennsylvania Avenue National Historic Site, National Park Service, https://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/wash/dc41.htm [accessed September 2, 2012]Nathaniel A. Owings, FAIA, Architect and Founding Partner, 1903-1984, Skidmore Owings and Merrill (SOM), www.som.com/content.cfm/nathaniel_a_owings [accessed September 2, 2012]The New Ground Zero: The Invisible Architect, Julie V. Iovine, The New York Times, August 31, 2003 [accessed August 15, 2012]Architects of Healing Videos, American Institute of Architects, 2012 [accessed August 15, 2012]AIArchitect Talks with David Childs, FAIA, John Gendall, AIArchitect, 2011 [accessed August 15, 2012]U.S. State Department, http://canada.usembassy.gov/about-us/embassy-information/frequently-asked-questions/embassy-architects.html [accessed September 5, 2012]Citation for David M. Childs, Colby College, May 22, 2005, colby.edu/news_events/commencement/2005/honorary/citation-childs.cfm [accessed August 15, 2012]

Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 7

Human Resource Management - Essay Example It has various building blocks including leadership, independence, honour, integrity, spirit and enthusiasm, service to the public good, and balanced commercialism. Therefore, HR professionalism is a process by which professionals in the human resource field aims to acquire a recognition given to established professionals through adopting or emulating the general qualities of an established professionalism (Losey, Meisinge & Ulrich, 2007). Professionals in HR acquire professional approach and attitude through various ways, but socialization plays an integral part in the adoption of professionalism by HR professionals. Human resource professionals can seek to adopt the behaviours stipulated in the professional map to attain professionalism. Wilson & Wilson (2012)Â  postulates that there are specific standards that should be met and adopted by HR professionals in order to work professionally in the human resource profession as explained in the CIPD profession map. These standards that should be met by the professionals in the human resource field in order to work professionally are that they should be decisive thinker, skilled influencer, collaborative, courage to challenge, personally credible, curious, and role model. The successful adoption of these qualities in the execution of the HR functions would ensure that the managers and employees in the HR department remain professionals and abides by the set standards. The CIPD professional map ensures that HR professionals use the standards and qualities set-out to work professionally and to ensure that they perform their duties efficiently. For example, such qualities helps them to build strong employees relation, organization design, enhance learning and development, employee engagement, improve service delivery and information, enhance resourcing and talent planning, and

Argumentative research paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Argumentative research paper - Essay Example Now, think about how different that morning ritual might have been without the technology? In fact, most human beings consider most of the modern technology that they use today to be pretty commonplace. This is mainly because technology enables them to fully perform multiple tasks in a great and quick fashion. Of course, there is a moment when that ceases to be a good thing. Likewise, in contemporary days, most adults perceive the technology that they use at work, at home or at school, as tools to use in the aim to accomplish a specific task. On the other hand, others have a very different and potentially dangerous relationship with technology. This is the kind of dangerous relationship that arises when people, as a society, become so completely dependent upon their technology that they become nearly useless without it. Some people believe that this dependence could lead to a dark future for humanity. The Millennials, the name given to those born between the early 1990 to the present , have been inundated with the convenience of advancing technologies all of their lives (McGlynn 12-13). The Millennials possess a false sense of entitlement - a laziness that is born of excessive convenience, and a total loss of self-sufficiency. For this reason, the Millennials overwhelming fixation, total reliance, and complete dependence on technology will lead to nearly helpless and hapless future generations. As mentioned earlier, the perspective and purpose of technology has changed greatly from the period mankind first began implementing the earliest technology. Since the beginning of society, people have invented tools that make their lives simpler, more productive and efficient. For instance, the wheel changed the transportation of goods. As an outcome of this, people improved that concept with the invention of trains and automobiles. However, many people still do not see the modernizations of technology as helpful. This is because they see technology as a means to perform tasks for them, rather than teaching them how to actually do things without using the technology. To demonstrate that, some people would likely write letters by using their iPads, rather than taking the time/effort to write them with their pens. This suggests that people may lose some basic life skills (like handwriting) if they keep using the new means of technology exclusively. Generation X, the first techno-generation, was literate and comfortable with new technologies. Nonetheless, most of their skills can be surpassed by children half their age from the Millennial generation today (Rapoza 49). While Generation X was competent with technology, Millennials are completely dependent on it. Indeed, the Millennials account for approximately 70 to 80 million people, which is roughly equal to 33% of the population of the United States (McGlynn 12-16). This dependence can be dangerous if it is passed on to the next generations as that dependence will only become more natural and common . When one looks at some of the different aspects of modern technology, (televisions that respond to voice commands, computers that answer any questions you have, and GPS that tell you how to reach your destination), one can see man’s modern willingness to allow technology to do everything for them, as opposed to using them as tools to accomplish a task. This is interesting because science fiction writers dreamt of such things many decades ago. As a

Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 2

Law - Essay Example Bright when he moved in to the house. Mr. Bright brought the property through Devon Aspects, an estate agent, upon the advice of his solicitors KPG Solicitors who in turn hired Reliable Surveys to do the structural survey of the property. Reliable Surveys assigned the actual task of surveying to Miss Norris, a newly-licensed surveyor. The issue in this case is whether or not Mr. Bright is compensable for his loss in the event he sells his Devon property at its present market value. If he is, the subsequent underlying issue is from whom he shall recover and what kind of action shall he bring before the court. At this stage however, recovery is a purely hypothetical matter since Mr. Bright has not yet sold his property and hence, has not yet actually incurred a loss. After a careful perusal and analysis of the problem, taking into account the participation of each and every person and entity involved, the Reliable Surveys stands as the most viable party from whom a civil action for recovery of compensation under the case Hedley Byrne v. Heller will be most successful in the event of the actuality of such loss. In the case at bar, Miss Norris, the neophyte surveyor of Reliable Surveys is the raison d’etre of Mr. Bright’s present predicament. Her haphazard and lackadaisical examination of the Devon property caused her to miss the crack on the back wall of the aforesaid house and the evident defect in the elevation from the back angle as well as the dilapidating gutter. Neither did the management of Reliable Surveys subject Miss Norris’ findings to a review and the basis of her findings which described the property as â€Å"good and sound† in her report signed on behalf of the former. There is a characteristic negligence on the part of both Miss Norris and her employer in the performance of their obligation. It is only reasonable to consider filing

Economic impact of tourism in the Mauritian economy

Economic impact of tourism in the Mauritian economy 4.1 Introduction Tourism is a major pillar of the Mauritian economy. According to estimates for 2010, the tourism industry has contributed Rs 39,456 million to the Mauritian economy and has provided direct employment to 27,161 workers. The contribution of tourism to GDP at basic price stands at 7.4% in 2010. This fact is indicative of the importance of the tourism sector to the Mauritian economy. To evaluate the impact of tourism on economic growth in Mauritius, a log-linear model will be estimated. However, economic growth may not be influenced only by tourism, but there are also other macro economic factors which may have an effect on growth. As such, these factors will be taken into consideration in the model. The model consists of standard variables such as Investment (INV), Exports (EXP) and Inflation (CPI), as well as one variable (TRP) which will be used to quantify the impact of tourism, such as tourism receipts. Real GDP per capita is used as a reference variable in order to demonstrate the impact of tourism on economic growth. 4.2 Types of Data 4.2.1Primary Data Primary data is collected on source and is not been subjected to processing or any other manipulation. The most common methods to collect primary data consist of surveys, interviews and focus groups. As such, primary research entails the use of immediate data and is collected by the researcher particularly to meet up the research objective of the subsisting project. Making use of primary data implies that researchers are collecting information for the specific purposes of their study. As such, the questions the researchers ask are tailored to extract the data that will help them with their study. However, it is time consuming and costly to collect such data. 4.2.2 Secondary Data Secondary data consists of pre-existing information which is not gathered for the purpose of the current research. Secondary data is readily available and inexpensive to obtain. In addition, such data can be examined over a longer period of time. Secondary data includes information from the census, a companys financial position and safety records such as their injury rates, or other government statistical information such as the number of workers in different sectors. In secondary data, information relates to a past period and as such, it lacks aptness and has unsatisfactory value. The drawback is that often the reliability, accuracy and integrity of the data is uncertain. However, it is easier to collect such data and longitudinal study may be possible. 4.3 Model Specification A simple log-linear Cobb-Douglass production function is used to measure the impact of tourism on economic growth in Mauritius. The equation is as follows: GDP = f (INV, TRP, CPI, EXP) Consider the following model, known as an exponential regression model: GDPt = ÃŽ ²0 INVt ÃŽ ²1 TRPt ÃŽ ²2 CPIt ÃŽ ²3 EXPt ÃŽ ²4 e ÃŽ µt (4.2.1) which may be expressed alternatively as lnGDPt = lnÃŽ ²0 + ÃŽ ²1lnINVt + ÃŽ ²2lnTRPt + ÃŽ ²3lnCPIt + ÃŽ ²4lnEXPt + ÃŽ µt (4.2.2) where ln is the natural log (i.e log to the base e, and where e = 2.7183) Equation 4.2.2 can be written as: lnGDPt = C + ÃŽ ²1lnINVt + ÃŽ ²2lnTRPt + ÃŽ ²3lnCPIt + ÃŽ ²4lnEXPt + ÃŽ µt (4.2.3) where C = lnÃŽ ²0 Therefore, the transformed model is: ln GDPt = C + ÃŽ ²1 ln INVt + ÃŽ ²2 ln TRPt + ÃŽ ²3 ln CPIt + ÃŽ ²4 ln EXPt + ÃŽ µt Where ln GDP: Log of real gross domestic product per capita ln INV : Log of investment ln TRP : Log of tourism receipts per capita ln CPI : Log of consumer price index used as a proxy for inflation ln EXP : Log of exports C : Constant term ÃŽ µt : White noise disturbance term In the above log-linear model, the dependent variable, GDP, is expressed as a linear function of four other independent variables, also known as the explanatory variables, namely INV, TRP, CPI and EXP. It is often assumed for such log-linear model that the causal relationships which may exist, flow only in one direction, namely from the explanatory variables to the dependent variable. The parameters of the model can be estimated by using the Ordinary Least Square method, if the assumptions of the classical linear regression model are fulfilled. As such, GDPt* = C + ÃŽ ²1 INVt* + ÃŽ ²2 TRPt* + ÃŽ ²3 CPIt* + ÃŽ ²4 EXPt* + ÃŽ µt where GDPt* = ln GDPt, INVt* = ln INVt, TRPt* = ln TRPt, CPIt* = ln CPIt, EXPt* = ln EXPt The coefficient of each of the four explanatory variables measures the partial elasticity of the dependent variable GDP with respect to that variable. As such, each of the partial regression coefficient ÃŽ ²1, ÃŽ ²2, ÃŽ ²3 and ÃŽ ²4 are the partial elasticities of GDP with respect to variables INV, TRP, CPI and EXP respectively. 4.4 Explanation of Variables 4.4.1Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Gross Domestic Product is used to assess the market value of all final goods and services produced during a given period of time within an economy. It also measures the total income of an economy and as such, it is often correlated with standard of living. GDP is used as a reference variable in order to assess the impact of tourism on economic growth in Mauritius. GDP is an important factor used to analyse the development of the tourism sector. As such, in case the tourism sector brings huge foreign earnings, there will be an increase in GDP, suggesting that the economy is flourishing. The GDP figures that are used for the regression have been adjusted for inflation using the GDP deflator. 4.4.2 Investment (INV) Investment, which is a major component of the gross domestic product of an economy, refers to the acquisition of new capital goods. A positive change in investment may lead to a positive change in income and output of an economy in the short run. Higher level of investment may contribute to aggregate demand while higher level of income may indirectly impact on consumer demand. Investment, which is an injection in the circular flow of income, is a useful tool to analyse the impact of tourism on the economy of Mauritius. Investment is expected to have the same impact on economic growth as propounded by empirical literature, such as Sargent and James (1997) who found a positive impact of physical capital and investment on growth in Canada over the period from 1947 to 1995. 4.4.3 Tourism Receipts (TRP) Tourism receipt is a major indicator of the contribution of the tourism sector to the local economy. Tourism receipt represents an inflow of foreign currency in the economy. Such receipts account for a major contribution to the gross domestic product of the Mauritian economy. As such, an increase in tourism earning is expected to have a positive impact on GDP. Most governments in developing countries encourage international tourism because such tourists bring capital to the country. Earnings of currencies permit governments to finance, at least in part, their development efforts. Tourism receipt is expected to impact positively on economic growth as postulated by Balaguer and Cantavella-Jorda (2002) or Dritsakis (2004) who claimed that economic growth and tourism are interrelated and established tourism as a driver of economic growth. 4.4.4 Inflation (CPI) Inflation is defined in economics as a rise in the general level of prices of goods and services in an economy over a period of time. As such, it is a sustained increase in the price level and it may be the consequence either of constant falls in aggregate supply or recurring increases in aggregate demand. As a result, inflation erodes the purchasing power of money, that is, there is a loss of real value in the internal medium of exchange and unit of account in the economy. An important measure of price inflation is the inflation rate, which can be calculated by taking the annualised percentage change in a general price index over time. This is referred to as the Consumer Price Index (CPI). In Mauritius, the Consumer Price Index is measured by computing the average change over time in the cost of a fixed basket of consumer goods and services. It represents changes over time in the general level of prices of goods and services acquired by Mauritian consumers. Inflation is then calculated by comparing the average level of prices during a 12-month period with the average level during the preceding 12-month period. One of the most fundamental objectives of macroeconomic policies of many countries, whether industrialised or developing, is to sustain high economic growth together with low inflation. Inflation can bring about uncertainty about the future profitability of investment projects particularly when high inflation is also linked with increased price variability. This would in turn generate more conservative investment strategies, which would ultimately result in lower levels of investment and economic growth. Inflation is expected to have a negative effect on growth as claimed by Barro (1995) who explored the inflation-economic growth relationship using a large sample covering more than 100 countries from 1960 to 1990. 4.4.5 Exports (EXP) Export entails the sale of goods and services produced in one country to other countries. There are two types of exporting: direct and indirect. For national accounts statistics, exports consist of transactions in goods and services from residents to non-residents. As such, an export of a good represents a change of ownership from a resident to a non-resident; this does not necessarily imply that the good in question physically crosses the frontier; while an export of services consists of all services rendered by residents to non-residents. The relationship between export growth, foreign direct investment and economic growth in both developed and developing countries is a question that continues to be of considerable interest. Cross-country trade and capital flows and interpreting the significance of these activities towards economic growth lie at the heart of the debate on economic development policy since the early literature on export and economic growth. Export is expected to impact positively on growth as postulated by Feder (1982), who mentioned that exports contribute to economic growth in a variety of ways: economies of scale and incentives for technological improvement. Thus, marginal factor productivities are expected to be higher in export industries than in non-export industries. 4.5 Data Sources For the purpose of this study, time series data has been used. A time series is an ordered chain of values of a variable at equally spaced time intervals. Time series analysis is used for economic and sales forecasting, budgetary analysis, inventory studies or stock market analysis. It encompasses techniques to investigate data in order to extract meaningful statistics and other characteristics of the data. A time series model indicates that observations close together in time will be more closely correlated than observations further apart. As such, time series models use the natural one-way ordering of time so that values for a given period can be expressed as deriving in some way from past values. Data has been collected for the period 1976 to 2009. Figures for the explanatory variables namely investment and exports and that for the dependent variable real gross domestic product were obtained from the Central Statistical Office. Data for inflation and tourism receipts was obtained from annual reports of the Bank of Mauritius. 4.6 Software The analysis of data will be done using the Microfit 4.0 software. Before carrying out the regression, the stationarity of the variable should be tested in order to avoid spurious results and invalidity of the model. The ARDL model will be evaluated. Furthermore, a co-integration test shall be performed to determine if an Error Correction Model (ECM) must be used.

Coca-Cola or Pepsi: The True King of Pop Essay -- essays research pap

He lets out an ahhh of satisfaction as he sets down the cup. There is an excited silence to the crowd as they wait to hear the verdict. Will he choose Pepsi or will it be Coca-Cola? It is a question that many wonder about and can be a very tricky question. Both sides say that theirs taste’s better and both have strong proof to back that up. But I am here to help settle the issue once and for all and show to you that taste isn’t everything one should judge. When all is done I will prove to you that in the end there can be no doubt that Coca-Cola is the king of pop.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To truly understand the complexities of what makes a soft drink one of the best you must first take a look at the appearance and package of said drink. Pepsi has always tried to go with the flashy look and now tries to play on American patriotism by having a red, white, and blue can. While this may be a nice touch, Coke doesn’t need to rely on playing on the people’s feelings. They have stayed with a classic look of red with white writing. This simple yet elegant stance shows to the world that they don’t need to spice up their appearance to entice customers, because they know it what’s on the inside that counts.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Now if you are a true beverage coinsure, you will of course take notice of the initial reaction of carbonation and air when you pop open your can. I know that some will argue that all pop sounds the same at this action, but you just need to listen ...